Digital and Analog Tutors
Interactive Web Widgets that help you learn Basic Digital and analog concepts. You have buttons to press and pots to tweak, LED lights, Digital Displays and Meters indicate output values.
Digital Electronics TutorsThese Digital Tutors are interactive and started with very basic JavaScript and CSS. You can operate the controls and see the Truth Table and Results in LED Displays. Controls include DIP Switches and Push Buttons.
These Gadgets helps beginners learn some digital circuit concepts. The Digital Logic is Studied by operating Switches and observing LEDs on a Virtual Breadboard. Lead Free.
Digital Logic Gates
The Gate is a digital component that is used to compute an output for certain inputs, the inputs and outputs have two states high-1 and low- 0. Let us assume high is 5V and low is 0V (like in CMOS). On a high level the LED will light up and on a low level the LED is off. Now let us see what Logic means.
Gates are what make many of ICs, the two popular families are the 40xx CMOS and the 74xx TTL . Now 40xx come in 74HCT40xx flavors which approach the quality of an ideal gate. Entire circuits with Gates can also be also be burnt into PLDs, FPGAs and CPLDs just like you burn your CDROM. Gates can also be implemented in assembly language which a microcontroller like 8051 will understand and execute.
Hardware gate circuit will operate in real time, nano seconds delay will be there due to propagation delay, gate capacitance and FET switching times etc. Software or microcontroller gates code working will depend on both propagation delay and the CPU clock speed.
Gates can be combined to make combinational or sequential logic circuits. combinational circuits are a complex network of gates interconnected to evaluate a pattern of output for patterns of input. Sequential circuits use memory elements hence output patterns depend both on input patterns and the memory of history of events. An example of combinational logic circuit is a seven segment display decoder CD4511 and and example for a sequential logic circuit is CD4029 up-down counter.
The CD40xx CMOS family can work at even 3V-9V-12V DC and consume low power. The speed is not as fast as 74xx TTL family. It is good for simple portable battery powered circuits. The 74HCTxx series is good for low power and high speed but will work at 5V. When you have problems interfacing CMOS and TTL use 74HCTxx family.
Digital Interactive Tutorials
- The NOT gate - Digital Logic gates
- The AND gate - Digital Logic gates
- The OR gate - Digital Logic gates
- The XOR gate - Digital Logic gates
- Digital Up Down Preset Counter CD4029
- Astable Mutivibrator with 555 Timer
- Running Lights with 555 and CD4017
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